Solution of the variant 75 KR №1 - chemisty Shimanovich
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The decision of the test No. 1 of option 75 of the collection of chemistry Shimanovich I.E.
(formatted in Microsoft Word)
Tasks:
17. When 3.24 g of a trivalent metal react with an acid, 4.03 liters of hydrogen (NU) are released. Calculate the equivalent, molar and atomic mass of the metal.
39. What is the Pauli principle? Could there be p7 or d12 electrons on some sublevel of the atom? Why? Write the electronic formula of the atom of the element with atomic number 22 and indicate its valence electrons.
57. The atomic masses of elements in the periodic table are continuously increasing, while the properties of simple bodies change periodically. How can this be explained? Give a motivated answer.
79. Draw an energy diagram of the formation of F2 molecules by the method of molecular orbitals (MO). How many electrons are in the bonding and antibonding orbitals? What is the bond order in this molecule?
83. Calculate the thermal effect of the reduction reaction of iron (II) oxide with hydrogen, based on the following thermochemical equations:
FeO (k) + CO (g) = Fe (k) + CO2 (g); H = -13.18 kJ.
CO (g) + ЅO2 (g) = CO2 (g); H = -283.0 kJ.
H2 (g) + ЅO2 (g) = H2O (g); H = -241.83 kJ.
Answer: +27.99 kJ.
120. Calculate the change in entropy for reactions proceeding according to the equations:
2CH4 (g) = C2H2 (g) + 3H2 (g)
N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) = 2NH3 (g)
C (graphite) + O2 (g) = CO2 (g)
Why in these reactions Sо298> 0; <0; ~ 0?
Answer: 220.21 J / K; -198.26 J / K; 2.93 J / K.
125. The reaction proceeds according to the equation H2 + 12 = 2H1. The rate constant of this reaction at a certain temperature is 0.16. Initial concentrations of reactants: [H2] = 0.04 mol / l; [l2] = 0.05 mol / l. Calculate the initial reaction rate and its rate when [H2] = 0.03 mol / L.
Answer: 3.2 x 10-4; 1.92 x 10-4.
141. Calculate the molar and equivalent concentration of a 20% solution of calcium chloride with a density of 1.178 g / cm3 Answer: 2.1 M; 4.2 n.
163. Calculate the crystallization temperature of a urea (NH2) 2CO solution containing 5 g of urea in 150 g of water. The cryoscopic constant of water is 1.86 °. Answer: -1.03 ° C.
185. Make molecular and ion-molecular equations of the reaction of interaction in solutions between:
a) KHCO3 and H2SO4;
b) Zn (OH) 2 and NaOH;
c) CaCl2 and AgNO3.
215. Which salts of NaBr, Na2S, K2CO3, CoCl2 undergo hydrolysis? Draw up the ionic-molecular and molecular equations for the hydrolysis of the corresponding salts. What is the pH value (> 7 <) have solutions of these salts?
(formatted in Microsoft Word)
Tasks:
17. When 3.24 g of a trivalent metal react with an acid, 4.03 liters of hydrogen (NU) are released. Calculate the equivalent, molar and atomic mass of the metal.
39. What is the Pauli principle? Could there be p7 or d12 electrons on some sublevel of the atom? Why? Write the electronic formula of the atom of the element with atomic number 22 and indicate its valence electrons.
57. The atomic masses of elements in the periodic table are continuously increasing, while the properties of simple bodies change periodically. How can this be explained? Give a motivated answer.
79. Draw an energy diagram of the formation of F2 molecules by the method of molecular orbitals (MO). How many electrons are in the bonding and antibonding orbitals? What is the bond order in this molecule?
83. Calculate the thermal effect of the reduction reaction of iron (II) oxide with hydrogen, based on the following thermochemical equations:
FeO (k) + CO (g) = Fe (k) + CO2 (g); H = -13.18 kJ.
CO (g) + ЅO2 (g) = CO2 (g); H = -283.0 kJ.
H2 (g) + ЅO2 (g) = H2O (g); H = -241.83 kJ.
Answer: +27.99 kJ.
120. Calculate the change in entropy for reactions proceeding according to the equations:
2CH4 (g) = C2H2 (g) + 3H2 (g)
N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) = 2NH3 (g)
C (graphite) + O2 (g) = CO2 (g)
Why in these reactions Sо298> 0; <0; ~ 0?
Answer: 220.21 J / K; -198.26 J / K; 2.93 J / K.
125. The reaction proceeds according to the equation H2 + 12 = 2H1. The rate constant of this reaction at a certain temperature is 0.16. Initial concentrations of reactants: [H2] = 0.04 mol / l; [l2] = 0.05 mol / l. Calculate the initial reaction rate and its rate when [H2] = 0.03 mol / L.
Answer: 3.2 x 10-4; 1.92 x 10-4.
141. Calculate the molar and equivalent concentration of a 20% solution of calcium chloride with a density of 1.178 g / cm3 Answer: 2.1 M; 4.2 n.
163. Calculate the crystallization temperature of a urea (NH2) 2CO solution containing 5 g of urea in 150 g of water. The cryoscopic constant of water is 1.86 °. Answer: -1.03 ° C.
185. Make molecular and ion-molecular equations of the reaction of interaction in solutions between:
a) KHCO3 and H2SO4;
b) Zn (OH) 2 and NaOH;
c) CaCl2 and AgNO3.
215. Which salts of NaBr, Na2S, K2CO3, CoCl2 undergo hydrolysis? Draw up the ionic-molecular and molecular equations for the hydrolysis of the corresponding salts. What is the pH value (> 7 <) have solutions of these salts?
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