Test №3 Information systems in economics - MEI

Problem number 1

Conditions: In the development of EC attended by representatives of the following specialties:

Answer student: an expert in the problem domain, which will solve the problem of ES

knowledge engineer - an expert on the development of ES (it uses a technology called technology methods (methods) knowledge engineering)

programmer to develop tools (ICs) designed to accelerate development of ES

expert in the field of accounting software


Problem number 2

Terms: To develop ES was possible for this application, you need to simultaneously perform at least the following requirements:

Learner Response: There are experts in the field, which solve the problem much better than novice experts; Experts agree on the evaluation of the proposed solutions, otherwise it will be impossible to assess the quality of the ES developed

Experts are able to verbalize (expressed in natural language) and explain the methods they use, otherwise it is difficult to count on the fact that the expert knowledge will be "removed" and invested in the EC; solution of the problem only requires reasoning, not actions

the task should not be too difficult (ie, its decision should take an expert a few hours or days, not weeks); Although the problem and should not be expressed in a formal form, but still must be treated sufficiently to "clear" and structured area, i.e. We should be allocated to basic concepts, relationships and well-known (at least to the expert) methods of obtaining the solution of problem

solution of the problem should largely use "common sense" (ie, a wide range of general knowledge about the world and the way of its functioning, which knows and can use any normal person), because such knowledge is not yet possible (in sufficient quantity ) to invest in artificial intelligence

All of the above


Problem number 3

Conditions: The application corresponds to the methods of ES if solvable problem has a collection of the following characteristics:

Student Response: the task can be solved naturally through manipulation of symbols (i.e., via symbolic reasoning) rather than manipulation of the numbers, as is customary in mathematical techniques and traditional programming

task should be heuristic, not algorithmic nature, i.e. its decision should require the use of heuristic rules. Tasks that may be reliably resolved (subject to the limitations specified) using some formal procedures are not suitable for application ES

task must be sufficiently complex to justify the development costs of ES. However, it should not be too difficult (decision takes an expert watch, not weeks) to ES can solve it

task must be narrow enough to be solved by methods of ES, and practical significance

All of the above


Problem number 4

Terms: At the stage of identification ...

Answer student: identify the tasks to be solved, the design goals are identified, defined by experts and user types

held a substantive analysis of the problem areas identified concepts used and their relationship, defined methods for solving problems

selected IP and determined ways of presenting all kinds of knowledge, formalized the basic concepts

determines how the interpretation of knowledge, simulated operation of the system, evaluate the adequacy of the objectives fixed concepts, methods, means of knowledge representation and manipulation

carried out by the expert knowledge base content


Problem number 5

Terms: The dependence of the composition of the knowledge on the requirements of the user is shown in the following:

Answer student: what tasks (from a common set of problems) and what data the user wants to decide; What are the preferred methods and methods of solution

Under no restrictions on the number of results and methods of making the problem to be solved

What are the requirements for the language of communication and dialogue

what degree of generality (specifi